OCI: ssh Fails with "kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer"

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Applies to:

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure - Version N/A and later
Linux x86-64

Symptoms
When attempting to ssh into and instance, the following message is displayed:

kex_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer

Connection reset by 10.x.x.x port 22

Cause
Incorrect permission on /var/empty/sshd

$ sudo ls -ld /var/empty/sshd

drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Aug 14  2024 /var/empty/sshd

Solution
Permission should be 711 on the /var/empty/sshd

1. Change the permission as follows:
   $ sudo chmod 711 /var/empty/sshd