Prerequisites Before Installing XDB Manually
I found when installing XDB manually in an 11.2.0.4 database using catqm rather than using dbca that apparently it is essential to have jvm installed before installing xdb. I didn't see that in any documentation or My Oracle Support articles. I found that when I didn't install JVM first that no amount of uninstalling and re-installing after JVM would fix the problem and enable the XDB component to be valid. I had to go back in time to a clean copy of the new database and start over.
The specific error I had was that during install, the XDB.XDB$RESOURCE table could not be created, which resulted in ORA-00942: table or view does not exist errors in other XDB objects which prevented them from being created, and the XDB.DBMS_XDB_ADMIN package remaining invalid after recompile.