Zero Copy I/O Aggregation
It is well known that ZFS is a Copy-on-Write storage technology. That doesn't meant that we constantly copy data from disk to disk. More to the point it means that when data is modified we store that data in a fresh on-disk location of our own choosing. This is primarily done for data integrity purposes and is managed by the ZFS transaction group (TXG) mechanism that runs every few seconds. But an important side benefit of this freedom given to ZFS is that I/Os, even unrelated I/Os, can be allocated in physical proximity to one another. Cleverly scheduling those I/Os