oracle latches

Dear Support,

Oracle sessions share information in the buffer cache, shared pool, and other sections of the shared memory known as the system global area (SGA). It’s essential that the integrity of SGA memory is maintained, so Oracle needs a way to prevent two sessions from trying to change the same piece of shared memory at the same time. Latches and mutexes serve this purpose.

Need your help in understanding what exactly it means by "Latches/mutes prevent two sessions from trying to change the same piece of shared memory at the same time"

Thanks for the wonderful support