Grants given in User Management aren't taking effect

We want to limit visibility to certain projects across all modules. We used Functional Developer and User Management to create a grant and assign it to a user or a responsibility. The grant says it was successful but it doesn't take effect.

Is there a process to run to activate the grants? We have run adadmin.

Is there a way to tell if the grant did work but access to the rest of the projects was inherited from somewhere else, or to see the statuses of all grants?

Example:

Suppose there are 100 projects and that 7 of them have "Controlled" in the project number.